Pradimicin-IRD from Amycolatopsis sp. IRD-009 and its antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.

A new polycyclic antibiotic, pradimicin-IRD, was isolated from actinobacteria Amycolatopsis sp. IRD-009 recovered from soil of Brazilian rainforest undergoing restoration area. This molecule is the major compound produced in solid culture media. The new compound was detected by a focused method of precursor ion (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometer) developed previously to identify unusual aminoglycosyl sugar moieties. The compound was isolated and its structure was, therefore, elucidated by high-resolution mass spectrometry, and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Pradimicin-IRD displayed potential antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae (MIC 3.1 µg/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC 3.1 µg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 3.1 µg/mL), and also cytotoxicity against tumour and non-tumour cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.8 µM in HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells to 2.7 µM in MM 200 melanoma cells. Particularly, these biological properties are described for the first time for this chemical class.

Isolation and biological activities of an endophytic Mortierella alpina strain from the Antarctic moss Schistidium antarctici.

The Antarctic endophytic fungus (strain ITA1-CCMA 952) was isolated from the moss Schistidium antarctici found in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. Strain ITA1-CCMA 952 was assigned to the specie Mortierella alpina by phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA gene sequences. This strain produces high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including y-(gamma) linolenic acid and arachidonic acid, which when combined represents 48.3% of the total fatty acid content. Fungal extracts demonstrated strong antioxidant activity with the EC50 value of 48.7 µg mL(-1) and also a strong antibacterial activity, mainly against the following bacteria: Escherichia coli, with a MIC of 26.9 µg mL(-1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis, both with a MIC of 107 µg mL(-1). A GC-MS analysis of the chloroform fraction obtained from the crude extract revealed the presence of potential antimicrobials (Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl) and Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl)) as the major compounds. Therefore, the M. alpina strain ITA1-CCMA 952 is a promising fungus for the biotechnological production of antibiotics, antioxidant substances and PUFAs. This study highlights the need for more research in extreme environments, such as Antarctica.

Padrão de passos de mulheres hipertensas de um programa estratégia de saúde da família (ESF) / Standard steps of hypertension women in strategy family health program

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar o padrão de passos em mulheres hipertensas e correlacionar com as variáveis antropométricas. Foram avaliadas 54 mulheres hipertensas, com idade entre 32 a 80 anos, pertencentes ao Programa Estratégia de Saúde da Família da cidade de Taboão da Serra, região metropolitana de São Paulo. O padrão de passos foi avaliado por meio do pedômetro SW200. Os grupos foram divididos de acordo com a média de passos durante a semana em sedentária (<5.000 passos), irregularmente ativa (5.000 – 9.999 passos) e ativa (>10.000 passos). As variáveis antropométricas mensuradas foram Peso Corporal (PC), Estatura (E) e Circunferência da Cintura (CC). O IMC foi calculado utilizando as variáveis PC e E. Para análise estatística utilizou-se o Sperman rho e o teste de Wilcoxon. Utilizou-se o software SPSS 13. O nível de significância adotado foi p<0,05. De acordo com o número de passos, 25,9% foram consideradas sedentárias, 57,4% irregularmente ativa e 16,6% como ativas e a média de passos entre os grupos foi 3561 ± 1136; 7287 ± 1369 e 14082 ± 2209 respectivamente. O padrão de passos no fim de semana foi inferior aos dias da semana em que os resultados foram 8564 ± 4258 e 6298 ± 4128, respectivamente (p<0,05), uma redução de 26,4%. Houve uma correlação inversa entre a média de passos e IMC (r = -0,24) e a circunferência de cintura (r = -0,23). Concluiu-se que a maioria das avaliadas não alcançou a recomendação mínima de passos semanais. O número de passos foi associado a menores valores de IMC e circunferência da cintura. Houve redução de passos no fim de semana quando comparado aos da semana.

The purpose of this study was to determine the standard steps of hypertense women and correlation of the anthropometric variables. 54 hypertense women were evaluated, aged between 32 to 80 years old, participant of Taboão da Serra city Program of Family Health Strategy , in Sao Paulo metropolitan region. Standard steps level was evaluated by the use of SW200 pedometer. Sample was divided into groups according to the mean of steps per week: sedentary (<5.000 steps), irregularly active (5.000 – 9.999 steps) and active (>10.000 steps). The anthropometric variables as body weight, height and waist circumference followed CELAFISCS standard. BMI was calculated by using weight and height variables. Spearman rho and Wilcoxon test. SPSS 13 software was used. Significance level adopted was p<0.05. Results: The standard steps classification was based on the number of steps; percentage found was of 25.9% sedentary, 57.4% irregularly active and 16.6% active, and the mean of steps between the groups was 3561 ± 1136; 7287 ± 1369 e 14082 ± 2209, respectively. The number of steps profile on the weekend (Saturday and Sunday) was smaller than the on weekdays (Monday to Friday) the results were 6298 ± 4128 and 8564 ± 4258 respectively (p<0.05), with reduction of 26.4%. There was inverse association between number of steps mean and BMI (r = 0.24), as well as waist circumference (r = 0.23). Conclusion: Hypertense women showed unsatisfactory physical activity level measured by pedometer. Most of them did not reach the recommendation of weekly steps. The number of step was associated to lower BMI and waist circumference values. Physical activity level reduction on weekends was less than in the week.

Influência da maturação sexual na aptidão física de escolares do município de Ilhabela: um estudo longitudinal / Influence of sexual maturation on physical fitness in male students of Ilhabela Brazil: a longitudinal study

Objetivo: Verificar a influência da maturação sexual sobre as variáveis de aptidão física de acordo com a faixa etária em escolares do sexo masculino do município de Ilhabela em uma abordagem longitudinal. Método: 27 escolares do sexo masculino foram acompanhados por um período de 4 anos consecutivos, entre 10 e 13 anos de idade. As variáveis avaliadas foram: massa corporal, estatura, adiposidade, impulsão vertical, shuttle run, corrida de 50 metros e a potência aeróbica (VO2máx l.min-1 e ml.kg-1.min-1), seguindo a padronização do CELAFISCS. A determinação do nível maturacional foi feita mediante a auto-avaliação dos pêlos púbicos proposta por Matsudo (1994). A análise estatística utilizada foi a análise de regressão univariada. O nível de significância adotado foi p<0,05. Resultados: A maturação sexual explicou de maneira significativa a adiposidade aos 10, 11 e 12 anos, a força aos 10 e 12 anos, a velocidade e a potência aeróbica (VO2máx l.min-1) apenas aos 10 anos. Conclusão: A maturação sexual explica principalmente a adiposidade, mas também a força, a velocidade e a potência aeróbica em termos absolutos (VO2máx l.min-1) do que as outras variáveis analisadas dos 10 aos 13 anos de idade no sexo masculino. A agilidade e o VO2máx (ml.kg-1.min-1) não foram explicadas pela maturação em qualquer das idades avaliadas.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to verify through a longitudinal approach the influence of the sexual maturation on physical fitness according to age in peri-pubertal boys Methods: 27 male students from 10 to 13 years of age were followed during 4-year period. Variables analyzed were: body weight, height, adiposity, vertical jump, shuttle run, 50 meters run test and aerobic power (VO2máx - l.min-1 and ml.kg-1.min-1), according to CELAFISCS standard. Sexual maturation level was established through the self-assessment of Tanner (1991) stages, considering pubic hair, proposed by Matsudo (1994). Each student participated in, at least, one evaluation per year. Results were evaluated through univariate regression analysis. Level of significantly adapted was p<0.05. Results: Sexual maturation significantly accounted to adiposity values among 10, 11 and 12 years-old boys, to strength in the 10 and 12 years-old groups, and speed and aerobic power (VO2máx l.min-1) values only in the 10 years-old group. Conclusion: Based on this longitudinal study authors concluded that among peri-pubertal boys. Sexual maturation explained mainly adiposity values. Some strength, velocity, and aerobic power (absolute value). No influence was observed on agility and relative aerobic power.